about Al-Fatehah
This Surah is called
- Al-Fatihah, that is, the Opener of the Book, the Surah
with which prayers are begun.
- It is also called, Umm Al-Kitab (the Mother of the Book)
, according to the majority of the scholars.
In an authentic Hadith recorded by At-Tirmidhi, who
graded it Sahih, Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger
of Allah said, "Al-Hamdu lillahi Rabbil-`Alamin is the Mother
of the Qur'an, the Mother of the Book, and the
seven repeated Ayat of the Glorious Qur'an."
It is also called Al-Hamd and As-Salah, because the Prophet
said that his Lord said,"The prayer (i.e., Al-Fatihah) is divided
into two halves
between Me and My servants.
When the servant says, `All praise is due to Allah, the
Lord of existence,' Allah says, 'My servant has praised
Me."
Al-Fatihah was called the Salah, because reciting it is a
condition for the correctness of Salah - the prayer.
Al-Fatihah was also called Ash-Shifa' (the Cure)
.
It is also called Ar-Ruqyah (remedy), since in the Sahih, there
is the narration of Abu Sa`id telling the story of the Companion
who used Al-Fatihah as a remedy for the tribal chief who was
poisoned. Later, the Messenger of Allah said to a Companion,
"How did you know that it is a Ruqyah"
Al-Fatihah was revealed in Makkah as Ibn `Abbas, Qatadah
and Abu Al-`Aliyah stated.
Allah said,
"And indeed, We have bestowed upon you the seven
Mathani (seven repeatedly recited verses), (i.e. Surat
Al-Fatihah) (15:87)."
Allah knows best.
How many Ayat does Al-Fatihah Contain
There is no disagreement over the view that Al-Fatihah
contains seven Ayat.
According to the majority of the reciters of Al-Kufah, a group of
the Companions, the Tabi`in, and a number of scholars from
the successive generations, the Bismillah is a separate Ayah in
its beginning. We will mention this subject again soon, if Allah
wills, and in Him we trust.
The Number of Words and Letters in Al-
Fatihah
The scholars say that Al-Fatihah consists of twenty-five words,
and that it contains one hundred and thirteen letters
The Reason it is called Umm Al-Kitab
In the beginning of the Book of Tafsir, in his Sahih, Al-Bukhari
said;
"It is called Umm Al-Kitab, because the Qur'an starts
with it and because the prayer is started by reciting it.''
It was also said that it is called Umm Al-Kitab, because
it contains the meanings of the entire Qur'an.
.
Ibn Jarir said
,
"The Arabs call every comprehensive matter that
contains several specific areas an Umm. For
instance, they call the skin that surrounds the brain,
Umm Ar-Ra's. They also call the flag that gathers
the ranks of the army an Umm.''
He also said,
"Makkah was called Umm Al-Qura, (the Mother of
the Villages) because it is the grandest and the
leader of all villages.
It was also said that the earth was made starting from
Makkah.''
Further, Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah narrated
about Umm Al-Qur'an that the Prophet said
"It is Umm Al-Qur'an, the seven repeated (verses) and
the Glorious Qur'an."
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